How To Store Your Boat Outside In The Winter

Learn how to store your boat outside in winter with expert tips on winterization, covers, and storage options to protect your 18-foot bass boat from damage.

Winter can be a harsh season for boat owners, especially those without access to indoor storage. Properly storing your boat outside during the colder months is critical to protect it from damage caused by freezing temperatures, snow, ice, and moisture. For owners of smaller vessels like an 18-foot bass boat, outdoor storage is often the most practical option due to cost and availability. However, leaving a boat exposed to the elements without proper preparation can lead to costly repairs or permanent damage. This comprehensive guide provides actionable steps to winterize and store your boat outside, ensuring it remains in top condition for the next boating season.

Why Winter Boat Storage Matters

Boats, especially smaller ones like bass boats, are exposed to harsh environmental conditions when stored outside. Freezing water can crack hulls, damage engines, and ruin interiors. Snow accumulation can strain covers or trailers, while moisture can lead to mold, mildew, and corrosion. According to boating industry data, neglecting proper winterization can result in repair costs ranging from $500 to $5,000, depending on the extent of damage. For an 18-foot bass boat, which typically costs between $15,000 and $50,000, protecting your investment is essential.

This guide focuses on outdoor storage for boats like the 18-foot bass boat mentioned in user discussions, addressing common concerns such as torn covers, battery maintenance, and water drainage. By following these steps, you can mitigate risks and ensure your boat is ready for spring.

Choosing the Right Storage Location

Selecting an appropriate storage location is the first step in protecting your boat. While indoor storage offers the best protection, it’s often expensive, with costs ranging from $10 to $50 per foot per month. Outdoor storage, whether on a trailer, boat stands, or a lift, is more affordable but requires careful preparation.

Outdoor Storage Options

• On a Trailer: Most bass boat owners store their vessel on a trailer in their driveway or yard. This is cost-effective but exposes the boat to weather elements. Ensure the trailer is in good condition, with tires inflated and bearings greased.
• Boat Stands: For boats not stored on trailers, use sturdy boat stands to elevate the hull and prevent ground moisture damage. Stands cost approximately $50–$150 each, depending on size and material.
• Boat Lift: In areas with access to docks, a boat lift keeps the hull out of water, reducing exposure to freezing conditions. Lifts range from $1,500 to $10,000, depending on capacity.

Considerations for Outdoor Storage

• Snow Load: In regions like North Idaho, where heavy snowfall is common, ensure the boat is supported to handle snow accumulation. A poorly supported cover can collapse, causing structural damage.
• Security: Outdoor storage increases the risk of theft or vandalism. Use a locked storage area or secure the boat with a heavy-duty chain and lock (approximately $20–$100).
• Drainage: Tilt the boat’s bow slightly upward to promote water runoff. This prevents pooling, which can lead to waterlogging or hull damage.

Winterization: Preparing Your Boat for Storage

Winterization is the process of preparing your boat to withstand cold temperatures and inactivity. For an 18-foot bass boat, thorough winterization is critical to protect the engine, hull, and interior components.

Step-by-Step Winterization Process

1. Clean and Dry the Boat

• Why: Dirt, sand, or organic material can trap moisture, leading to mold, mildew, or corrosion.
• How: Use a marine-safe cleaner like Simple Green ($10–$20 per gallon) to scrub the hull, deck, and interior. Remove barnacles or plant life from the hull. Dry thoroughly to prevent moisture buildup.
• Pro Tip: For fiberglass boats, apply a coat of marine wax ($15–$40) to protect the hull from UV damage and weathering.

2. Winterize the Engine

• Fuel System: Fill the fuel tank (typically 20–40 gallons for a bass boat) with fresh fuel and add a stabilizer like STA-BIL ($10–$15 per bottle). Run the engine for 15 minutes to circulate the stabilizer. A full tank minimizes condensation, reducing the risk of water in the fuel.
• Oil and Filters: Change the engine oil ($20–$50) and replace oil and fuel filters ($10–$30 each). Check for milky oil, which indicates water intrusion.
• Cooling System: Flush the engine with fresh water, then fill with marine-grade antifreeze ($15–$25 per gallon). Drain the lower leg oil to prevent water from freezing and cracking the casing, a repair that can cost $1,000 or more.
• Fogging: Spray fogging oil ($8–$15 per can) into the carburetor and spark plug holes to protect internal engine components.

3. Battery Maintenance

• Why: Cold temperatures can drain or damage batteries, reducing their lifespan. A new marine battery costs $100–$300.
• How: Disconnect and remove the battery. Store it in a warm, dry place, ideally on a wooden surface to prevent discharge (not concrete, which can cause chemical reactions). Charge it every 4–6 weeks using a trickle charger ($20–$50). Avoid continuous charging, as it can overheat the battery.
• User Concern: Keeping batteries plugged into an onboard charger, as mentioned in the user query, is not recommended for the entire winter. Instead, remove them to avoid overcharging and potential fire hazards.

4. Drain All Water

• Why: Freezing water expands, potentially cracking the hull, stringers, or compartments. Repairs for a cracked hull can exceed $2,000.
• How: Remove the drain plug and tilt the boat’s bow upward. Drain the bilge, water tanks, and any pipes. For bass boats with livewells, ensure they are empty. Add antifreeze to remaining systems to prevent residual water from freezing.

5. Lubricate Moving Parts

• Why: Lubrication prevents rust and ensures smooth operation in spring.
• How: Grease the steering system, control cables, and propeller shaft with marine-grade grease ($10–$20). Remove the propeller to inspect for damage, then lubricate and reattach.

6. Remove Sensitive Materials

• Why: Organic materials (e.g., canvas, leather) and electronics are prone to mold and cold damage.
• How: Remove life jackets, electronics, and fabrics. Store them in a dry, warm place. Seal exposed electrical connections with electrical tape ($5 per roll). For bass boats, remove pedestal seats if possible to prevent water pooling, as the user noted.

7. Protect the Exterior

• Why: Exposure to snow, ice, and UV rays can degrade the hull and interior.
• How: Use a heavy-duty marine cover ($100–$500 for an 18-foot bass boat) or shrink-wrap ($10–$15 per foot) for maximum protection. Ensure the cover is supported to prevent snow accumulation, as a torn cover (like the user’s) can allow water ingress.

Addressing User Concerns

The user mentioned storing an 18-foot bass boat outside with a torn cover and a pedestal seat to prevent water pooling. Here are specific recommendations:

• Torn Cover: Replace the cover or reinforce it with a heavy-duty tarp ($20–$50 from retailers like Harbor Freight). Secure it with bungee cords ($10–$30) to withstand wind and snow. A torn cover risks water infiltration, which can damage the interior and stringers.
• Pedestal Seat: Using a seat to create a high point is a temporary solution. Instead, build a simple PVC pipe frame (3/4-inch pipes and fittings, ~$20–$40) to support the cover and promote drainage.
• Carpet Replacement: Since the user plans to replace the carpet in spring, focus on preventing further damage to the underlying plywood floor. Ensure it stays dry by improving drainage and using a dehumidifier bag ($5–$15) inside the boat.

Protecting Your Boat During Winter

Once winterized, additional steps can enhance protection during outdoor storage.

Cover and Support Systems

• Marine Covers vs. Tarps: A fitted marine cover is ideal, as standard blue tarps tear under snow loads, as noted by a user with a 16-foot ski boat. Marine covers are UV-resistant and breathable, reducing moisture buildup. Prices range from $100 to $500 for an 18-foot boat.
• Shrink-Wrapping: For harsh climates like North Idaho, shrink-wrapping provides a watertight seal. Professional services cost $10–$15 per foot, or DIY kits are available for $100–$200.
• Support Structure: Use a PVC frame or a car tent ($100–$300) to create a high point for snow and rain runoff. Ensure the cover is taut to prevent pooling.

Chart: Winter Storage Workflow

Security Measures

• Use a heavy-duty lock and chain to secure the boat to a fixed object.
• Consider a GPS tracker ($50–$150) for added security in remote storage areas.
• Check the boat every 2–4 weeks for cover damage, water pooling, or signs of pests.

Maintenance During Storage

• Snow Removal: Clear snow from the cover to prevent collapse. Heavy snow can indent the hull, as noted by a user in Minnesota.
• Pest Control: Place rodent traps ($5–$20) or use a plastic garbage can for rolled-up inflatable boats to deter mice.
• Battery Checks: Ensure the battery remains charged but avoid overcharging.

Potential Consequences of Improper Storage

Storing an 18-foot bass boat outside without proper preparation can lead to several issues:

• Hull Damage: Freezing water in the bilge or compartments can crack the hull or stringers, costing $1,000–$5,000 to repair.
• Engine Failure: Water in the lower leg or fuel system can cause corrosion or cracking, with repairs ranging from $500 to $2,000.
• Interior Damage: Mold and mildew can ruin upholstery and plywood floors, especially if water pools due to a torn cover. Replacement costs for interiors can exceed $1,000.
• Battery Failure: Continuous charging or storage on concrete can destroy batteries, requiring replacements at $100–$300 each.

Cost Breakdown for Winter Storage

Tips from the Boating Community

Insights from boat owners on platforms like Reddit highlight practical solutions:

• Tarp Reinforcement: Users recommend using a heavy-duty tarp over a torn cover, secured with bungee cords, to protect against snow and wind.
• Battery Storage: Storing batteries on wood, not concrete, prevents discharge. Periodic charging is preferred over continuous trickle charging.
• Drainage: Removing the drain plug and tilting the boat is critical, especially in snowy regions like Minnesota or North Idaho.
• Fuel Stabilizer: Adding stabilizer to a partially filled tank is acceptable, as long as the dosage matches the fuel volume (e.g., half a bottle for 5 gallons).

Spring Preparation

Before launching your boat in spring, perform these checks:

• Inspect the hull for cracks or damage.
• Reinstall the battery and test its charge.
• Refill the lower leg oil and check all fluid levels.
• Replace the carpet if planned, as mentioned by the user (estimated cost: $500–$1,500 for an 18-foot bass boat).
• Test the engine to ensure it runs smoothly.

Conclusion

Storing an 18-foot bass boat outside during winter is a viable option if done correctly. By choosing a suitable storage setup, thoroughly winterizing the boat, and using a robust cover or tarp, you can protect your vessel from the elements. Regular maintenance checks and proper drainage are essential to prevent costly damage. With these steps, your boat will be ready for the water when spring arrives, saving you time and money on repairs.

Happy Boating!

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